Fusarium wilt of solanaceae is a fungal disease that greatly affects crop productivity. In this article from the “WORLD OF PLANTS” website, we discuss the symptoms of this disease and methods of prevention and treatment.
Introduction to Fusarium wilt on nightshade
Scientific name: Fusarium oxysporum
Type of disease and family of disease: Fusarium is a fungal disease belonging to the Fusarium family Nectriaceae.
Symptoms of Fusarium wilt on nightshade
- Wilt: Fusarium causes gradual wilting of leaves, starting at the bottom and moving upward.
- Tissue discolouration: : Fusarium is a fungal disease belonging to the Fusarium family
- Yellowing of leaves: Symptoms of yellowing of leaves are common.
- Growth stops: It is observed that the natural growth of the plant stops.
Causes of Fusarium wilt on nightshade
- Pathogenic fungi: The disease is caused by a fungus Fusarium oxysporum Which attacks the roots.
- Infected soil: The presence of fungi in the soil is the main source of infection.
- Contaminated agricultural tools: Using contaminated agricultural tools may contribute to the spread of the fungus.
Suitable conditions for the spread of Fusarium wilt on eggplants
- High humidity: Wet conditions contribute to the spread of fungi.
- Moderate temperature: Fungi are active at temperatures ranging between 25-30 degrees Celsius.
- Soil rich in organic matter: Soil with high organic matter may contribute to the spread of the disease.
Development cycle of Fusarium wilt on solanaceae
- Initial stage: The fungi begin to attack the roots.
- Internal spread: The fungus spreads through transport vessels inside the plant.
- Symptoms appear: Symptoms of wilting and yellowing begin to appear on the leaves.
- Plant deterioration: The disease continues until it leads to the death of the plant if control is not carried out.
Pictures of Fusarium wilt on nightshade
Losses caused by the spread of Fusarium wilt on nightshades
- Low yield: The disease can lead to significant yield losses of up to 80%.
- Control cost: The costs of control and preventive measures increase the financial burden on farmers.
Strategy to control Fusarium wilt on nightshade
- Use of fungicides: Apply fungicides containing active ingredients such as: Methyl bromide.
- Solar sterilization: The soil can be sterilized using solar radiation to reduce the spread of fungi.
Preventive measures to prevent the occurrence of Fusarium wilt on nightshade
- Agricultural cycle: Change the type of crop grown in the infected land periodically to prevent the fungus from multiplying.
- Dry soil: Reduce irrigation during periods when conditions are suitable for the spread of fungi.
- Solar sterilization: Sterilizing the soil before planting reduces the chances of infection.
Recommendations for organic and chemical control of Fusarium wilt on nightshade
- Organic control: Using garlic and onion extracts as natural antifungals.
- Chemical control: Use of fungicides such as Thiram And Captan According to recommended guidelines.
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